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Lecture in winter semester 2016/17:

Numerical Algorithms (V4E1)

Prof. Dr. Marc Alexander Schweitzer

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News
Literature
Tutorials
Exercise sheets

News

The lecture will be held in English (unless all attendees turn out to be fluent German speakers)
Tutorials will take place Wednesday beginning in the second lecture week either 0800-1000 or 1600-1800. Poll and choice of timeslot will take place in the first lecture, 2016-10-18
Tutorials start on Wednesday, 2015-10-26.
Tutorial will be held Wednesdays, 0830-1000
No lecture 2016-11-17 due to illness, submission of homework at same time, beginning of lecture, or email, handover to Sa Wu on said Thursday
2016-12-07, Dies academicus, lecture program beginning 1015. The tutorial 0830-1000 takes place and will discuss exercise sheet 5.
No lecture or new exercise sheet on 2016-12-22; next exercise sheet 2017-01-12, submission 2017-01-19, sheet 8 submission via mail
Due to Winter School on Numerical Analysis of Multiscale Problems no tutorial 2017-01-11
No lecture, Thursday, 2017-02-02, homework submissions via mail to post box (6th floor) to Sa wu
Oral exams, duration 30 minutes, Friday 2017-02-10 and Tuesday 2017-02-14 to Thursday to 2017-02-16, registration for timeslots in lecture 2017-02-07, tutorial 2017-02-08

Content

Learning targets

Broad overview and understanding of propositions, relations and methods from the area of numerical algorithms. Competence to evaluate the scope, utility, and limits of the methods and techniques and to independently apply abstract mathematical results to concrete problems. Competence to place the results in a more general mathematical context. Overview of connections to other areas and ability to arrive at rigorous mathematical proofs starting from heuristic considerations. The selection of topics is based on the module handbook for the Master programme in mathematics. In particular, we will introduce and discuss the h-,p- and hp-versions of the finite element method (FEM) and its application to conservation equations.

Topics

Repetition of classical finite element method (FEM) and functional analysis: h-FEM on regular meshes
Fast solvers: Multigrid, Domain Decomposition
High order FEM and isogeometric analysis (IGA): p-FEM, k-FEM
Adaptive FEM: h-, hp-adaptive FEM
Enriched Approximations: extended FEM (XFEM), generalized FEM (GFEM), partition of unity methods (PUM)
Discontinuous Galerkin: Elliptic problems, conservation laws

From smooth/regular problems and solutions
to general/irregular/non-smooth/singular/discontinuous solutions

Literature

Some of these books are also available in German/English, as ebook or in another edition in the library.

Prerequisites

Prerequisites for this lecture are the topics and exercises of the preceding lectures
Algorithmische Mathematik I (V1G5), Algorithmische Mathematik II (V1G6), V2E1 Einführung die Grundlagen der Numerik (V2E1)
These prerequisite topics include:

Calculus, multidimensional differentiation and integration and Taylor expansion
Elementary combinatorics and probability theory
Structured programming, in particular C, Python
Polynomial Interpolation
Least Squares Approximation
Conditioning of problems, Stability of algorithms
Inner products, Orthogonality, Hilbert Spaces, Best approximation in Hilbert spaces
Orthogonalization, Gram-Schmidt, Orthogonal Polynomials
Numerical Integration, Quadrature
Solution of systems of linear equations: Gauss elimination, LU decompostion, Cholesky decomposition, QR decomposition
Solution of nonlinear equations: bisection, Newton
Classical iterative methods for systems of linear equations: Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, Richardson, SOR
Krylov subspaces, Krylov subspace methods: Gradient descent, CG, PCG, MINRES, GMRES
Preconditioning of iterative methods: PCG
Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors, Bounds for the spectrum, Power iteration, Lanczos, Arnoldi, QR algorithm

Lecture times

Dates:	Tuesday	1015 – 1145
	Thursday	0830 – 1000
Location:	Wegelerstraße 6 - Seminarraum 6.020
	6th floor, last room on right, heading southwest

BASIS

Tutorials

Registration for tutorials in the first lecture Tuesday, 2016-10-18. Only one tutorial in either the morning or late afternoon timeslot will be given. Please, be present in the first lecture for poll and choice of timeslot. Tutorials start on Wednesday, 2015-10-26.

The contact person for tutorials is Sa Wu.

Admittance for oral exam based on homework assignments requiring

50% of points from theory assignments
50% of points from programming assignments

Time and Room

Day	Time	Room
Wednesday	0830 – 1000	5.002, Wegelerstr. 6

Homework assignments

Worksheets with homework assignments are distributed and put on the website Thursdays. Please, submit your homework assignments Thursdays right before and at the beginning of the lecture one week after handout. Submit programming assignments as plain text Python files.

Programming exercises will be based mainly in Python/NumPy/matplotlib. Please send in your solutions to programming exercises via mail to your tutorial's teaching assistant.

This combination is a very useful for quick implementation. Algorithms can be put into code fast. Plots can be produced with little effort. Much of what is needed for the lecture can be found in the following examples.

Some Documentation and Tutorials can be found at the following links.

One easy way to obtain all necessary Python packages is Anaconda.

More installation alternatives, suggestions and instructions can be found on the websites for NumPy and matplotlib.

Model solutions are base on Python in version 2.7.8. For editing and writing Python code, any good editor will do. We recommend Vim or Notepad++.

Exercise sheets

Number	Link	Due	Remarks and errata

0	exercise_sheet_00.pdf		Revision and warm up sheet, no submission, not graded

1	exercise_sheet_01.pdf	2016-11-03

2	exercise_sheet_02.pdf	2016-11-10	Exercise 7, in generalized Céa lemma, $\inf$ instead of $\int$
			Exercise 9d), $r_1=(1,0),r_2=(0,1)$, $K_T = \frac{1}{2} \abs{\det{\ldots}}$

3	exercise_sheet_03.pdf	2016-11-17	Abridged solution from programming exercise 3 as template
			Programming exercise 4: For [0,1]^2, Dirichlet boundary values left and right, Neumann top and bottom, see template
			Programming exercise 4: For solution, remove only Dirichlet nodes
			No lecture on 2016-11-17, please submit in my office or via scan/email

4	exercise_sheet_04.pdf	2016-11-24

5	exercise_sheet_05.pdf	2016-12-01	proposal for solution (Python3)

6	exercise_sheet_06.pdf	2016-12-08	Some typos in Exercise 21
			Programming exercise 6: $f=1+x^2+2y^2$

7	exercise_sheet_07.pdf	2016-12-15

8	exercise_sheet_08.pdf	2016-12-22

9	exercise_sheet_09.pdf	2016-01-19	proposal for solution

10	exercise_sheet_10.pdf	2016-01-26

11	exercise_sheet_11.pdf	2016-02-02	glyphs.py

Exam

Graded oral exam, length 30 minutes in Besprechungszimmer, 6.007, Wegelerstraße 6
Please do not forget to sign up for the exam via BASIS
Registration for exam slots, first come first served, via lists at the end of the term
successful participation in tutorials required for admittance to examination